| Level 2 builds from the introductory avalanche hazard management model introduced in the Level 1 and adds to it the evaluation of factors critical to stability evaluation. |
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| Student Learning Outcomes: |
- Advance understanding of avalanche terrain, particularly from the perspective of stability analysis.
- Discuss how the snowpack develops and metamorphoses over time; and discuss the factors that contribute to spatial variability.
- Learn standard observation guidelines and recording formats for factors that influence or indicate snow stability. SWAG MODULE.
- Advance understanding of avalanche release and triggering mechanisms
- Introduce a snow stability analysis and forecasting framework.
- Improve companion rescue skills including multiple and deep burials .
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| 40 hr Instructional Sessions (including class and field instruction) |
- Level 1 Review
- Energy balance, the mountain snowpack and metamorphisms
- Faceting; near surface and near crust facetin
- Formation of surface hoar and persistent weak layers
- Skier Triggering: theory and observations
- International and national snow, weather and avalanche observation and recording guidelines (SWAG).
• Weather; interpreting forecasts, recording and observation techniques
• Snow profile techniques and bonding tests
• Avalanche observations and recording techniques
- Stability analysis checklist: reviewing critical factors
• Stability ratings
• Daily stability forecasts and analysis
- Trip Planning and hazard forecasting for avalanche terrain.
• The avalanche danger ratings
• Terrain analysis using maps/photos
• Forecasting stability and variability
- Terrain selection and route finding
• Group management and hazard management
• Decision making
• Human factors
- Information gathering
• Site selection and relevancy
• Spatial variability
• Slope tests
- Companion Rescue
• Level 1 techniques review
• Multiple burial
• Shovel techniques
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| Student Prerequisites: |
| Students must have the ability to travel in avalanche terrain. An AIARE Level 1 Course (strongly recommended) or equivalent training/experience is required. A winter of practical experience after the Level 1 course is recommended before taking the Level 2 course |
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